BND has a great rating by S&P.. A+
Major Rating Factors
Strengths:
• Ownership by North Dakota
• Good capitalization
• Strong asset quality
Counterparty Credit Rating
A+/Stable/A-1
Weaknesses:
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•
•
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Concentration in North Dakota
Large indirect exposure to agriculture
A risk profile subject to shifting political conditions
Limited capital flexibility
Rationale
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services' rating on Bank of North Dakota (BND) reflects its ownership by the state of
North Dakota (A+/Stable/--). The rating is also based on the application of our criteria for government-related
entities (GREs), as a result of which we impute a one-notch uplift from the company's 'A' stand-alone credit profile
(SACP). In our opinion, there is a high likelihood that the state of North Dakota would provide timely and sufficient
extraordinary support to BND, as the state owns, controls, and maintains BND. Moreover, the state explicitly
guarantees all deposits in BND, as codified in the North Dakota Century Code (NDCC §6-09-10). The deposit
rating of 'AA+' parallels that of the state of North Dakota. No other liabilities have an explicit guarantee.
Our SACP on BND reflects the bank's good capital and strong asset quality. The bank's concentration in the state of
North Dakota, indirect exposure to agriculture, limited capital flexibility, and risks related to the changing political
environment, constrain the ratings.
Capital is a strong point for BND, and the bank ranks high among its rated peer group. However, capital is usually
limited by the large appropriation the bank typically makes to the state's general fund. Positively, BND will not have
to make any appropriation payout for 2010 or 2011, due to the strength of the state's financial performance. This
should further enhance the company's capital as the bank will be able to retain its earnings.
Despite its concentration in one state, BND has a relatively diverse loan portfolio and maintains strong asset quality,
which is also better than those of its comparably rated peers. BND serves as correspondent to many of the state's
banks. Therefore, the health of these institutions could directly affect that of BND. North Dakota banks are mainly
smaller community institutions that have not been immune to the economic recession. Despite asset-quality
pressures on some banks in North Dakota, the relative strength of North Dakota's economy and the guarantees on
BND's loan portfolio should keep BND's asset-quality ratios above average, we believe. BND's historic and current
strong asset-quality measures, with no charge-offs at March 31, 2010, further mitigate the matter.
North Dakota's steadily growing economy throughout economic cycles buttresses the rating on BND. Further, the
state of North Dakota boasts the lowest unemployment rate in the U.S. at 4%, as of the end of March. Due to the
extensive reach of agriculture in the state's economy, all loans, regardless of type, are affected by agriculture.
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Therefore, BND's lending portfolio is indirectly related to the agricultural sector. Nonetheless, the economy of
North Dakota continues to post strong revenue performance when many other states continue to struggle. This
strong performance is attributed to its two key sectors--oil production and agriculture--mitigating our agricultural
concern at the moment.
Any significant changes in the political environment of the state that result in legislative change could materially
affect the bank's risk profile. We consider this risk to be low, as ongoing changes in the political landscape have not
led to any material changes in the bank's financial condition since its inception in 1919.
We are nonetheless concerned that a large percentage of BND's deposits come from the state of North Dakota.
However, this concentration risk is mitigated because state law requires all state funds and funds of state
institutions, with few exceptions, to be deposited with BND.
Outlook
The stable outlook reflects our expectations that BND should continue to perform well throughout this economic
environment and that asset quality will remain acceptable. We could lower the ratings if the state's economy
deteriorates, or if asset-quality levels deteriorate significantly, pressuring BND's earnings. A change in the political
atmosphere could affect the ratings either positively or negatively.
Profile: Unique Business Model In Its State
We view BND's business model as unique. Headquartered in Bismarck, N.D., the bank was created due to a dearth
of lenders in the state willing to support local businessmen and farmers. The bank's static membership supports its
primary role in financing economic development in North Dakota.
Despite its narrow focus, BND is the second-largest bank in the state, measured by deposits. The bank's deposits are
not federally insured and it gets no oversight from U.S. government authorities or banking regulatory bodies. Still,
the state is required by law to guarantee all of BND's deposits. Because of this guarantee, we rate the deposits 'AA+',
the same level as the state. No other liabilities have an explicit guarantee. The bank has only one office and acts as
the agent of several state-legislated programs, as a lender, as a depository for state agency funds, and as a
correspondent bank to private financial institutions in the state.
Government Support and GRE Methodology Impact
The state of North Dakota owns, controls, and maintains BND. The bank has a seven-member advisory board
appointed by the governor. This board reviews BND's operations and makes recommendations to the State
Industrial Commission relating to BND's management, services, policies, and procedures. Members of the Industrial
Commission are the Governor, who acts as chairman; the Attorney General; and Agriculture Commissioner of the
state of North Dakota. Moreover, the state explicitly guarantees all deposits in BND as codified in the North
Dakota Century Code (NDCC §6-09-10).
In accordance with our GRE criteria, we base our view of a high likelihood of extraordinary government support on
our assessment of BND:
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• Its important role in promoting the state government's economic development and stabilization process by
delivering quality, sound financial services that promote agriculture, commerce, and industry in North Dakota.
• Its integral link with the state government, as the bank acts as the agent of several state-legislated programs, as a
lender, as a depository for state agency funds, and as a correspondent bank to private financial institutions in the
state.
Strategy: Supporting State Financial Needs
We regard BND's management strategy as conservative and supportive of the bank's business goals. Management
has worked with state agencies and private banks in the state to promote charter objectives. We expect management
to continue meeting the needs of its customers as it fulfills its mission to deliver quality, sound financial services that
promote agriculture, commerce, and industry in the state. As we expected, loan growth was moderate in 2009, at
3.6% relative to the 30% growth the bank experienced during 2008. The changes in the student loan industry, with
the elimination of the Federal Family Education Loan Program, will have a significant effect on BND. Consequently,
as of July 1, 2010, BND no longer provides loans through this program, which had generated $120 million-$130
million in volume per year for the bank. The bank will continue to issue loans from the Dakota Education
Alternative Loan program. We expect loan growth to remain steady in 2010 relative to 2009.
Risk Profile And Management: Adequate
We assess BND's enterprise risk management as adequate. The bank has instituted corporate-wide risk systems that
establish risk limits, risk identification, and risk monitoring. Senior management has identified policy objectives
consistent with the legislative goals established for BND, which are within the bank's managed-risk limitations.
BND has formulated good asset-liability management, an assured source of deposit funding, and strong asset-quality
measures.
The bank's main risk is credit risk, but interest rate risk is also important. Positively, the U.S. government's
guarantee of the majority of BND's loan portfolio mitigates credit risk. The fact that a large percentage of BND's
deposits come from the state represents a weakness, but this concentration risk is mitigated because state law
requires these deposits, with few exceptions, to be made with BND. BND's primary revenue sources include direct
student lending, residential loan purchases, commercial and agricultural loan participations, and treasury services,
which include federal funds purchases and sales. The bank has a moderate risk related to political developments in
the state, but we view this risk as low.
Credit risk: Minimal
BND's credit risk is minimal and, at the moment, not a major concern. The bank is restricted from initiating and
originating commercial loans exclusively for its own account, but it participates in loans that other North
Dakota-based commercial banks originate. Although other institutions have experienced some pain from the
weakened national economic environment, we do not expect this to have a material effect on BND's performance.
The bank has guarantees, reserves, and workout programs that help mitigate this concern. Federal and state agencies
guaranteed 52% of the loan portfolio at March 31, 2010. BND uses these guaranty programs to reduce its exposure
to risks to the agricultural economy.
BND's relatively diverse loan portfolio totaled $2.8 billion at March 31, 2010, a 5% increase from a year ago.
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